Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences
Volume:1 Issue: 1, 2011

Although there is no prolonged time elapsed from propagation of oral contraceptive pills (OCP), case reports demonstrated occurrence of pulmonary embolism and cerebral infarction in women using these pills. Present study was done to specify distributive frequency of oral contraceptive pills consumption in women with cerebrovascular events admitted in Farshchian hospital of Hamadan between 1997 to 2007. Every woman with cerebrovascular events during years 1997-2007 who was admitted in Farshchian hospital of Hamadan and her dossier was present in archive of hospital, were carefully checked and those who hadn’t exclusion criteria, were include in this study, a total of 1587 of them with respect to their Characteristics such as type of cerebrovascular event, age, type of oral contraceptive pill and duration of pill use were extracted from patient dossier and registered in respective checklist. 24.1% of patient used oral contraceptive pill and 76.9% of patients were non users. Mean age of OCP users and non users were 45 years. Mean duration of pill use among these patients was 33 months. In assessing type of vascular events, in the group OCP users 73.1% and non users 66.4% had ischemic stroke.Which was statistically significant. In the group OCP users 24.6% and non users 29.1% were hemorrhagic stroke.. Also in the group OCP users 2.3% and non users 4.5% were affected sagital sinuses thrombosis that showed no significant difference. Among OCP users 85% of the patients used OCP, LD and 15% of the patients OCP, HD. The present study showed, the ischemic stroke rate of the patients with OCP consumption were significantly more than those of non users.

The province of Khuzestan with its wide geographical area and its tropical climate is susceptible for the maintenance of snails. One of the prevalent intermediate hosts for trematode in this area is the gasteropode snail, Lymnaea gedrosina. This study is the first research, undertaken to determine the infection rate, biological characteristics and Longevity Lymnaea gedrosina. A total of 6213 snails (Lymnaea gedrosina) were examined, 770 snails were kept in identical natural condition in a set of several water bodies. Using two methods of cercarial shedding by light and crushing of snails were identified. Overall, 107 snails (5%) were infected with trematodes larval. The maximum and minimum infection rate Maravaneh 4, (44% - Ahvaz), Dezfull including Anjirak and Sidnoor (1.7% and 1% respectively). In addition, the maximum and minimum longevity time per Lymnaea gedrosina were respectively found to be in the spring and autumn. The results of this study could be utilized to plan control intermediate disease snails for the purpose of sanitation in the Khuzestan Province.

Indoor radon gas (222Rn) has been recognized as one of the causes of lung cancer. The presence of radioactive radium in the construction & materials in the buildings its changes in contact with radon gas may lead to increase level of radon gas in the residential houses. In this regards, indoor radon measurement is important. This study was conducted to determine radon concentration in Tabriz houses. In this study, 196 radon diffusion dosimeters were left in different floors of houses constructed with different materials such as cement (betony), heated brick & clay with raw brick at every floor for 6 months. The “electrochemical etching” method was applied to detect “alpha tracks” on the polymers of dosimeters and based on number of these tracks, radon concentration was determined. This study showed that average radon concentration were 39Bqm-3 in the houses. At different floors & different construction material the average effective dose equivalent of lung tissue was 0.97msvy-1. Based on these results, it can be concluded that, the indoor radon levels in the Tabriz houses are within acceptable range.

Medical record documentation, often use to protect the patients legal rights, also providing information for medical researchers, general studies, education of health care staff and qualitative surveys is used. There is a need to control the amount of data entered in the medical record sheets of patients, considering the completion of these sheets is often carried out after completion of service delivery to the patients. Therefore, in this study the prevalence of completeness of medical history, operation reports, and physician order sheets by different documentaries in Jahrom teaching hospitals during year 2009 was analyzed. Methods and Materials: In this descriptive / retrospective study, the 400 medical record sheets of the patients from two teaching hospitals affiliated to Jahrom medical university was randomly selected. The tool of data collection was a checklist based on the content of medical history sheet, operation report and physician order sheets. The data were analyzed by SPSS (Version10) software and Microsoft Office Excel 2003. Average of personal (Demography) data entered in medical history, physician order and operation report sheets which is done by department's secretaries were 32.9, 35.8 and 40.18 percent. Average of clinical data entered by physician in medical history sheet is 38 percent. Surgical data entered by the surgeon in operation report sheet was 94.77 percent. Average of data entered by operation room's nurse in operation report sheet was 36.78 percent; Average of physician order data in physician order sheet entered by physician was 99.3 percent. According to this study, the rate of completed record papers reviewed by documentary in Jahrom teaching hospitals were not desirable and in some cases were very weak and incomplete. This deficiency was due to different reason such as medical record documentaries negligence, lack of adequate education for documentaries, High work load and shortage of time for completing data by documentaries.

Diabetes is a chronic disease; the patients suffer from diabetes needs a special care. One of the programs to help these kinds of patients is to analyze their quality of life, which was carried out through a nursing disciplinary program by a cross sectional study during 2009. 198 type II diabetic patients who were referred to diabetic center of an educational hospital, affiliated to Sanandaj medical university were selected randomly, they were interviewed and obtained a written permission to join this study, then asked to fill up SF-36 questionnaires, and finally, the data from the questionnaires were analyzed by the SPSS software program. The results showed the quality of life of diabetes patients (55.6%) with respect to their physical fitness were acceptable. Whereas, in case of play in the physical role 67.7% were not acceptable but in case of the physical pain 45.3% had physical pain and effects on public health 45.6% were moderately effected, in case of energy and vitality 35.4% were not acceptable, in case of social functioning 38.5% were favorable, in case of emotional role 75.8% were undesirable and finally considering psycho mental health 49.5% were in the desirable limit. Statistical analysis for evaluation of relationship between quality of life and demographic data, were carried out by using "ANOVA” test. This study showed that the quality of life in all the group of study were at moderate level. In order to improve the quality of life in diabetes patients it is suggested that planners and managers should pay enough attention to support the physical, mental and social well being of the diabetes patients.

Genus Salmonella has more than 2400 serotypes. The two major groups are S.enterica and S.bongori. Important serotypes are situated in S.enterica group. Antibiotic therapy in salmonellosis is restricted to typhoid fever and acute infections. After the first reporting of resistance in S.Typhimurium DT 104, nowadays, developing of resistance in Salmonella, specially, ESBL producing species is an important issue in salmonellosis. We evaluated serotyping, drug resistance and extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) in Salmonella enterica, collected from patients. We collected fecal samples in an 18 months period of time. Samples were cultured on selective, differential Medias. Serotyping was done with Biomérieux serotyping kit. After antibiogram, MIC was evaluated with E-test strips. By using ESBL disks in Double- Disk synergy method, ESBL phenotypes were distinguished. We isolated 96 S.enterica serotypes, including: 35Typhimurium, 22Enteritidis, 11Typhi, 8Paratyphi B, 4Newport, 3Derby, 1Virchow, 1Infantis and 11untypable serotypes. 36isolates were sensitive to all of antibiotics, but, in 60 isolates, there were at least one resistance. In 45 isolates there were Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) phenotypes. Resistance to ampicilin was the highest percent, whereas, there was not any resistance to imipenem and ciprofloxacin. ESBL evaluation shown producing cefotaxime ESBL in 5 isolates and ceftazidim ESBL in 4 isolates. With furthermore epidemiologic studies on Salmonella serotyping and antibiotic resistance, using suitable drugs in treatment, we can restrict the spreading of resistant Salmonella (specially, species with animal source).

Breastfeeding is an important principle in pediatric¬ health. It decreases their mortality and protect them from diseases in the first sixth months of life. It`s necessary to investigate the decreasing causes of exclusive Breastfeeding. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional survey was about 320 mothers who had babies within one year old. They`ve gone to consulting centers for lactation in Kerman city. Information gathered by a questionnaire. It consisted of demographic information of mother and child, start time of Breastfeeding, age of starting, type of

The findings showed that just 1.6% of babies have had exclusive Breastfeeding until end of the first 6 months.60.3% of mothers have started complementary feeding for their babies under one month old. Average of Starting age was p=1.98±1.5. The most common type was Formula (99.7 %). The most important reason for complementary feeding was inadequate milk of mothers (92.7%), 72.1% was due to doctor`s recommendations. 68.5% of mothers believed that child crying was due to their milk insufficiency. There was a statistically significant relation between type of labor and starting age of complementary feeding (P = 0.016).

The most important factor in early interruption of exclusive Breastfeeding was wrong belief of mothers. They didn`t know mother`s milk adequacy symptoms and the other reason was doctor`s suggestions.

Cancer is one of the life-threatening diseases that cause the numerous changes in the life style, public interaction and social activities of the patients. Usually cancer patients have some degrees of stress and depression. This study aimed to determine the effects of educational program on stress and depression among cancer patients. This study is a semi experimental research. 52 cancer patients referred to Seyedoshohada hospital of Isfahan were selected through purposeful method and then divided into 2 groups randomly, the Cooper stress and Beck depression questionnaires were used in this study. The two groups of patients (control 24 and experimental 28) both appear for the pre test. Then after one month of applying psychological intervention only on experimental group, both the groups appeared for the post test. The data were collected and analyzed with analysis of covariance. P< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The results of covariance showed significant differences between the 2 groups in the Cooper stress inventory (F=10.8, P<0.003) and Beck depression inventory (F=12.87, P< 0.001) and the hypothesis of study was confirmed. Globally, the findings proved that psychological intervention based on stress and depression reduction would be a successful approach in promoting mental health on cancer patients.